Cross trainer or elliptical trainer – what’s the difference?

Cross trainers and elliptical trainers are among the most popular machines in gyms and homes alike. Both machines offer an effective full-body workout that is gentle on the joints, making them ideal for burning fat and improving endurance. Yet the question keeps cropping up: what is the difference between a cross trainer and an elliptical trainer? Is there even one?

First, a note on terminology: in Germany and other European countries, the term 'cross trainer' is most commonly used. In English-speaking countries, however, the terms 'elliptical trainer' and 'elliptical cross trainer' are more common. In German, this is often translated as 'Ellipsentrainer'.

Nowadays, many manufacturers and retailers use the terms 'cross trainer' and 'elliptical trainer' interchangeably - meaning they refer to the same machine. Originally, however, there was a technical distinction based on the position of the flywheel.

  • Cross trainer (back-wheeler):
    Traditional cross trainers have the flywheel positioned at the back. This design results in a more circular, vertical pedalling motion. Consequently, the movement is more akin to climbing stairs or running.
  • Elliptical trainers (front-wheeler):
    The flywheel is fitted at the front. This creates a flatter, more elliptical motion that is particularly gentle on the joints and provides a natural running sensation. This is why many users find it more comfortable to train on an elliptical trainer.

However, this distinction no longer holds true across the board today. Modern machines with a rear flywheel can also offer a very smooth, elliptical motion – sometimes even better than cheaper front-wheel models.

No, the difference between a cross trainer and an elliptical trainer is essentially just a matter of terminology. Technically, there may be differences, particularly with regard to the position of the flywheel and the resulting movement. However, these differences cannot be clearly attributed to the terms 'cross trainer' or 'elliptical trainer'.

More important than the name is the quality of the workout: Look for ergonomic movement, high-quality build and quiet operation. Other important features to look out for are the distance between the pedals (Q-factor), individually adjustable resistance and the range of programmes available.

Nahaufnahme des unteren Teils eines Crosstrainers, auf dem eine Person trainiert. Der Crosstrainer steht in einem Wohnzimmer.

An ergometer is a type of exercise machine that measures the amount of work performed by the body in watts and can be adjusted in fixed watt increments. Many high-quality cross trainers and elliptical trainers boast this feature, meaning they are, technically speaking, cross trainer ergometers.

However, some machines only have resistance levels but lack precise watt control, making them unsuitable for medical use. This does not necessarily mean that they are inferior, though. Even machines without watt measurement can provide an effective, healthy workout — particularly if they are high quality.

It’s not the name that matters, but your training goals, height and personal preferences. Try before you buy at a specialist store to help you make up your mind. Look out for the following features:

  • Smooth, elliptical motion for a joint-friendly workout
  • Ergonomic handles and pedal spacing (Q-factor)
  • Watt-controlled programmes (ergometers)
  • A sturdy build and quiet operation

Ultimately, it doesn't matter whether you call your fitness machine a cross trainer or an elliptical trainer. Both terms refer to machines designed to provide an effective, full-body workout. What matters is the technology inside the machine - and whether it is suitable for your need. If you’re not sure which machine would be best for you, please visit one of our Fitshop stores for advice. Our expert team will talk you through the differences between the various cross trainers, which you are also welcome to try out in store.

Read on for more interesting information on cross trainers:

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